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‘The skies are blue and the ocean too!

When you are sad you may feel the blue!

Be strong every morning night and day!

A blog and a sketch will drive your blues away!’

Rarely someone may say his or her favorite color is blue since it is associated with melancholy! In ‘blue’ is one of the most often used words in rock and boy bands all over the English music world!

Now since the skies and the water is blue! You may assume that nature has plenty of blue! But when was the last time you saw a thing of nature which is blue in color? Even the famous story of the Blue Jackal is an example of an exception which made the blue colored jackal rare and unique!

All light is a form of electromagnetic energy, waves that can travel through a vacuum. The waves fall on a spectrum, with some having longer or shorter wavelengths. X-rays, microwaves and radio waves are all part of the spectrum, each with their own wavelength. There’s only one sliver of the spectrum that we can see, and that’s the visible light spectrum.’

Reds and yellows have relatively long wavelengths, blues and violets have the shortest which of course is the way we explain the spectrum to kids! In fact the acronym VIBGYOR is what my kid’s school is named after!

The color we see is the wavelength that reflects most from that object. Take a yellow sunflower, for example. It absorbs the blue, red and other color energy waves then reflects back wavelengths that appear yellow. The color receptors in our eyes then translate the flower’s wavelength into its color and send that to our brain!

Blue is a tough color to spot in nature because there is no naturally occurring blue compound to color things blue! Yes! In spite of you being blue so often, the pigment blue is not seen in nature and the color blue is so rare! 

This is why blue rocks and minerals are so rare and why it was so valuable back when the Egyptians began mining the vibrant blue lapis lazuli mineral thousands of years ago! 

Ok now you will immediately think blueberries are everywhere and they are quite common! They are technically deep purple, not blue, and their color comes from the purple anthocyanin compound! Now blue has so many shades that it gives me the blues! One fine day my daughter told me that the color I was holding was not blue but cyan and I still did not get it! I know seven colors and that is that! In fact I did not know Indigo is different from purple and they both are different from violet!

But there are blue butterflies, peacocks, berries and a few other animals with rich blue hues. So how do the true blue plants, animals, and minerals get their color if there is no actual blue compound? It’s all in how these organisms are built and this includes even those rocks which are blue! 

The color blue is the result of how light bounces off these structures – it’s actually called structural color! Light hits special structures on the cell, wing or other part of an organism that cause the wavelengths to bounce a certain way – in the very short wavelength way that results in the color blue! So they appear blue not because of Biology but physics! And on the subject of subjects, cinema is art and birthday celebrity Gary Leonard Oldman is a master! I still find it hard to believe that the Villain in the Fifth element is Detective Gordon in the Batman! 

Now wishing that a good night sleep will drive your blues away!

Shubh Ratri!

This ‘J’ company (sounds like a mafia family from Mumbai!) was founded by seven brothers: Giocondo, Frank, Rachele, Candido, Joseph, Gelindo and Valeriano, who were from Casarsa della Delizia in northern Italy (the mafia doubt again!). The brothers won a contract to provide propellers to the U.S. for World War I planes! 

But that is not the blog about! They all started as a machining company and worked on a citrus farm owned by an early aviation inventor!

They offered to help develop aviation products, creating an early wood propeller that was curved instead of flat and was used in World War I.

They also developed one of the first fully-enclosed cabins for airplanes, called the ‘J’ J-7, which was used to transport mail!

In 1921, a mail plane crashed, killing all of the passengers on board, including Giocondo Jacuzzi. With that shocking development the brothers subsequently abandoned the aviation industry and experimented with several other products, the first successful one being a water pump created by Rachele in 1926.

In 1948, Candido’s son Ken developed rheumatoid arthritis and had severe body pain with restricted movements. In a hospital visit to the Herrick Hospital, Candido saw how positively Ken responded to a smaller Hubbard tank! He then decided to develop a new and improved full body hydrotherapy pump, the J-300! The pump was a portable device that could turn any regular bathtub into a spa!

From 1968, a whirlpool bath was produced, which included jets that mixed air and water. This product (called the Roman Bath) was developed by Roy J, a 3rd-generation member of the family! This is considered the first whirlpool tub designed for relaxation, rather than for medical use.

Am sure you would have got to know the name of the ‘J’ by now!

Well, their original last name was Iacuzzi, but when the first two brothers immigrated from Italy to the US in 1907, immigration staff misspelt the first letter as J instead of L!

Yes! The name of the family and the portable bath and the hydrotherapy pump and the company is…Jacuzzi! After reading this you feel like taking a hot Jacuzzi bath! Unless like the Chota Pandit aka Rajpal Yadav in Bhool Bhulaiya you have been told to avoid water of course! Then only try dry cleaning!

Have a nice warm bath and sleep!

Good Night!

The sketch could have been better! Blog to the rescue!

Henry Judah was an American thoracic surgeon and medical researcher.

In 1962, Henry invented the chest drainage flutter valve (also known with his name!), and was granted a patent for the device in 1969. He was inspired by his experience of seeing a Chinese soldier die from a bullet wound to the chest. This valve was a lifesaver!
The design of the valve allows air and blood to drain from the chest cavity in order to allow a collapsed lung to re-expand.
The invention was credited with saving the lives of hundreds of American soldiers in the Vietnam War!

In respiratory medicine, the valve also Pneumostat valve is a one-way check valve used to prevent airflow back into a chest tube, and usually is applied to drain air from a pneumothorax which is an emergency.
The design of the flutter valve features a rubber sleeve in a plastic case, where the rubber sleeve is arranged so that when air flows through the valve the sleeve opens and allows the outwards airflow from the body of the patient; however, when the airflow is reversed, the rubber sleeve closes and halts backwards airflow into the body of the patient.

Now doctors and emergency physicians know him for this important invention but the general public know him for an act which makes sure that the person can avoid going to the emergency!

Henry first published his views about the action in an informal article, “Pop Goes the Cafe Coronary”, in the magazine Emergency Medicine on June 1, 1974.
It was later reported as “A leading surgeon invites the public to try a method he has developed for forcing out food stuck in the windpipe of persons choking to death,” in a story reprinted nationwide!

On June 19, 1974, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer reported that retired restaurant owner Isaac Piha, who had read the Snider article in the Seattle paper, used the procedure to rescue a choking victim, Irene Bogachus, in Bellevue, Washington, a story reprinted in other newspapers! Those two became the first two people to have been rescued by this act and subsequently this is one of the most popular and recommended life saving act recommended by the medical experts!

Did you get the act?
You will, once you know Henry’s full name!
His full name is Henry Judah Heimlich! And yes! The Heimlich maneuver!

Abdominal thrusts, also known as the Heimlich maneuver or Heimlich manoeuvre, is a first-aid procedure used to treat upper-airway obstructions (or choking) by foreign objects.
To perform abdominal thrusts, a rescuer stands behind a choking victim and using the hands to exert pressure on the bottom of the diaphragm. This compresses the lungs and exerts pressure on the object lodged in the trachea in an effort to expel it.

Most modern protocols, recommend several stages for airway obstructions, designed to apply an increasing level of pressure.
Most protocols recommend encouraging the victim to cough, followed by hard back slaps, and finally abdominal thrusts or chest thrusts as a final resort. Some guidelines also recommend alternating between abdominal thrusts and back slaps. Some even advise chest thrusts especially for unconscious victims.

There are also specific situation in which it should not be performed like a drowning victim or if he or she has abdominal or chest injury. Remember that the act itself can sometimes cause more injury that the foreign body so it has to be done with caution. Many situation it does help but some need more help! Like if a person is stuck on the roof of a skyscraper then you may probably need to call the firefighters or maybe the Iron Man! Iron Man has been epitomized by Robert John Downey Jr who may have won the Oscar for Oppenheimer which is actually his most subdued movie! He is of course an inspiration and a perfect example of resilience and grit and of course a comeback of the century! My favorite movie though still remains ONLY YOU! This cute little movie had him with my fav Marisa Tomei!

Now eat your dinner slowly and do not speak while you eat!
Shubh ratri!

By the time I finish this blog and you read this blog, the numbers would have changed! The amount of data which is available on the net and otherwise is so vast that you cannot even imagine! It is of course akin to the fact that human population reached 8 billion on November 15, 2022 according to the latest United Nations estimates and in your lifetime, there is no way you can meet or see all the people of the world! 

An approximation of the number of people an average human would meet in his or her life time would be 80,000! That’s just 0.00102% of the world population. You never meet the remaining 99.999% of the population! That means that your generalization and conclusion of human actions and emotions is based on you meeting 0.001% of the world population! 

It is of course understood that your behavior is based on the interaction with a limited group of your close circle! You can also add videos and social media to that list! But even here the data is so vast that you can never see everything online ever in your life time! 

As of February 2024, there are almost 4 billion videos on YouTube, 20% of which are YouTube Shorts. Not to mention that 2,500 videos are uploaded onto YouTube every minute!

In fact, just to keep up with YouTube in real-time, taking the same average video length of 11.7 minutes, you’d need around 29,250 people watching simultaneously! 

But stop everything for now and if we watch the videos continuously then how long would it take to get through everything on there?

A calculation done for just around 800 million videos on the site with an average video length of around 11.7 minutes it was found that  it would take approximately 9.36 billion minutes to watch!

That’s 156 million hours, 6.5 million days, or a whopping 17,810 years of just watching YouTube videos! And that is for 800 million! Do not even bother to calculate for the 4 billion!

Now you like multitasking and can handle more than one screen or maybe two and ok, for now lets assume you are a Brainiac and you can simultaneously watch at least 100 screens going at the same time it would still take over 178 years to get through it all without any breaks in between!

Do not get disheartened by the mind boggling numbers! Just like how you can select only a limited number of people to meet, you can select a limited number of websites to visit or limited number of videos to watch! Especially the ones those are special in both people and video! A very special person also was Puneeth Rajkumar who was gone too soon. He will be missed.

Now you have doing a task which you cannot finish so stop scrolling and sleep!

Shubh ratri…

In this series called Aspirants which quite frankly is better than 12th fail in parts and frankly more accurate, there is a main character who does not want to continue a particular class because the teacher who is delivering the lecture did not himself clear the UPSC exam!

His justification is that how a teacher who did not himself clear the exam teach a bunch of students on how to clear the same!

It was logically correct but not entirely so since later on it is shown how the teacher who has failed can actually tell you what all things you should not do! This is like a mine field crossing! Every time a soldier ‘fails’ on the mine field, he or she has actually found out the position of the mine so that future soldiers can avoid that and probably succeed!

In most of the pyramid schemes in the pitch it is always told that “Do not ask your neighbor on how to get rich! If he knew that, he or she would not be your neighbor!”

This is where it has been shown that you must also learn from those who have failed! Their experience is sometimes more valuable than those who have succeed!

Another example of failure was in the early times a big success!

In fact it was one of my favorite messenger app! The days we used to spend on Yahoo talking and chatting and also video calling via the computer is still fresh on my memory! 

To think that their most famous program or app was not even the primary aim of the founders of Yahoo who actually were more interested in search engines and mail which were also pretty popular!

Founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994, Yahoo began as a modest project called “Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web.” 

Yahoo’s initial mission was to catalogue and categorize the rapidly expanding World Wide Web. At a time when search engines were virtually nonexistent, this directory of websites made it easier for users to navigate the rapidly expanding depths of the internet!

As the 1990s progressed, Yahoo evolved into more than just a directory. It ventured into providing a wide range of services, including email (Yahoo Mail), news (Yahoo News), and instant messaging (Yahoo Messenger). These services were integrated into the Yahoo portal, creating an all-in-one destination for Internet users! The association of our own word YAHOO made it even more relatable and we loved this site! 

By the early 2000s, Yahoo had become one of the most visited websites globally and it was not just a tech company – it had become an integral part of Internet culture!

So much so that, the founders of another emerging company waited in line to be bought by this tech giant for a mere 5 billion! Yahoo did not want this company and missed the opportunity! The other company of course is now one of the biggest tech giants in the world and you may be familiar to it! Yes, of course; Google!

So it did not buy Google but made several other non profitable and messy investments and finally spiraled down! The study of the failure of Yahoo is a must for any entrepreneur to know and learn and not make the same mistakes! Of course from being available for 5 billion, Google is now a  $1.761 trillion dollar giant! Giant in terms of experience and commitment also was General Bipin Rawat. You will be missed…

My quick Scribe dedication to the legend…

Shubh Ratri…

This was a major part of Disney’s Lion King (it is Rafiki the monkey’s house), Avatar (The place of Souls), Madagascar and the famous children’s novel The Little Prince!

This also is a prehistoric species which predates both mankind and the splitting of the continents over 200 million years ago! They can live for up to 5,000 years, reach up to 30 metres high and up to an enormous 50 metres in circumference! 

They can provide shelter, food and water for animals and humans, which is why many savannah communities have made their homes!

This majestic species is an icon of the African continent and lies at the heart of many traditional African remedies and folklore!

In fact each and every part of this is used for one thing or the other!

Sometimes they are so big that people have lived inside!

It is a tree!

The Baobab Tree! and is also called Africa’s Iconic “Tree of Life”!

While many people know of the baobab tree, not many people know that it has a fruit – and even less know that this fruit is one of the most nutrient-dense foods in the world!

As mentioned above, every part of the baobab tree is valuable – the bark can be turned into rope and clothing, the seeds can be used to make cosmetic oils, the leaves are edible, the trunks can store water and the fruit is extraordinarily rich in nutrients and antioxidants. Women in Africa have turned to the baobab fruit as a natural source of health and beauty for centuries!

Baobab is the only fruit in the world that dries naturally on its branch. Instead of dropping and spoiling, it stays on the branch and bakes in the sun for 6 months – transforming its green velvety coating into a hard coconut-like shell! The pulp of the fruit dries out completely. This means the fruit simply needs to be harvested, deseeded and sieved to produce a delicious pure fruit powder!

Baobab trees grow in some of the driest, remotest and poorest parts of rural Africa. There is no such thing as a baobab plantation; every tree is community or family owned and wild-harvested.

An estimated 10 million households can provide baobab from the existing crop, that is so abundant it mainly goes to waste!

Mature trees have massive trunks that are bottle-shaped or cylindrical and tapered from bottom to top. The trunk is made of fibrous wood arranged in concentric rings, although rings are not always formed annually and so cannot be used to determine the age of individual trees. Tree diameter fluctuates with rainfall so it is thought that water may be stored in the trunk! 

Naturally hollow or excavated trunks often serve as water reserves or temporary shelters and have even been used as prisons, burial sites, and stables! Imagine a tree prison! Now breaking out of that may need some Golmaal and being a Lion or Singham! Which reminds me of Birthday Celebrity Rohit Shetty who like the Baobab tree is rooted to the ground!! 

Now Bark, I mean park yourself on your bed and sleep!

Good Night!

Drinking in a bar can sometimes be beneficial to the whole world! Coming from pen of a Teetotaler, it may sound surprising and no, it is not autocorrect! The statement is true! Read on!

When we were young (er!); anytime someone made some big claim or did something amazing, we used to say, “Wow! That must be in the Guinness book!”

But did you know that this world famous book which is now a global brand, with offices in London, New York, Beijing, Tokyo and Dubai, with brand ambassadors and adjudicators on the ground around the world started with an argument in a BAR!?

We used to love watching this show since we also had our own Limca Book of records which was a book while this was also a show! The episodes used to be so interersting and fun! Sometimes even bizarre! I remember one episode where they were documenting who could spit the spit most furthest! 

Now of course it is no longer about the book since no one reads it much anyway! Instead the records are seen in TV shows, medial and other events including the website! 

Now, coming to the Bar story! In fact even the word Guinness is named after a brewery in Wexford! 

The official story is that the book which is the ultimate authority on record-breaking achievements, started out as an idea for a book of facts to solve arguments in pubs!

When you are high spirited then you may not listen to someone or something unless it is ‘authority!” this was the primary function of this book!

The idea came about in the early 1950’s when Sir Hugh Beaver (1890—1967), Managing Director of the Guinness Brewery, attended a shooting party in County Wexford. 

There, he and his hosts argued about the fastest game bird in Europe and failed to find an answer in any reference book. Of course one smart phone would have solved the matter then and there! But Some findings are meant to be!

In 1954, recalling his shooting party argument, Sir Hugh had the idea for a Guinness promotion based on the idea of settling pub arguments and invited the twins Norris  and Ross McWhirter who were fact-finding researchers and more importantly sober to compile a book of facts and figures! The alcohol and the bar may have stimulated the quest but facts need a normal ‘spirited’ mind!

Guinness Superlatives was incorporated and the office opened in two rooms in a converted gymnasium on the top floor of Ludgate House!

After an initial research phase, work began on writing the book, which took 13 and a half 90-hour weeks, including weekends and bank holidays and possibly couple of visits to the bar!

Even under the influence of alcohol McWhirters would not have known that taking shape was a book that would go on to become an all-time best seller and one of the most recognized and trusted brands in the world! The story may now be an entry in the Ripley’s Believe or Not!

Now the thing which may bug the men who fought and Sir Hugh and most probably you is what was the answer on that pertinent question which started the whole thing! Although the books never did tackle this original question – owing to their focus purely on world records – the red-breasted merganser would be the most likely answer; it is fully migratory and still occasionally hunted! So even a brawl in a bar may make you fall but it can lead to something great! Like how birthday celebrity Michael Caine says in batman, “”Why Do We Fall, Sir? So That We Can Learn To Pick Ourselves Up.”

Now fall on the bed and sleep!

Good Night!

Remember those punching bags hung on to a contraption you used to see in amusement parks? If you punch properly then you win a prize and stuff and also get to show off! We puny kids never tried it of course! But do get comforted by the knowledge that even the most muscular and strongest dude may not pack the strongest punch!

That title has been given to a creature whose punch is so strong and fast that it can break a crab’s legs or a snail shell without a thought!

The strike is so fast that it is like the speed of a .22 caliber bullet—and it causes bubbles to form and collapse in the water! This energy release creates an impressive force thousands of times the creature’s bodyweight that combines with the initial strike to smash open the shell of its prey, killing the animal inside!

This natural assassin can grow to around the length of a butter knife, and they have rainbow shells—usually blue, green, and yellow—and red legs. Their purple eyes sit on top of stalks above their head and can move independently of one other for a better view! 

Even their eyes are a piece of complex technology which in addition to move and see independently of each other can detect changes in the light spectrum!

So much so that they can detect cancer cells in your body! Like a natural PET scanner!

The animal is called the Peacock mantis shrimp—also called harlequin or painted mantis shrimp. These critters get their name from their kaleidoscope shell like a peacock’s tail and their hinged forearms which resemble that of a praying mantis and are kept tucked away until the moment of attack!

So how does that punch work? When not in use, the shrimp’s clubbed arm is fastened securely in place by a latch, allowing energy to build up. A saddle-shaped spring within the arm helps store even more energy. When the latch is released, the spring propels the animal’s claw forward in the fraction of a second—50 times faster than we can blink—to hit their prey. At 22 m per second, it is one of the fastest limb movements of any animal! The spring like mechanism is so similar to some machines which shoot or catapult!

Remarkably, mantis shrimp are unharmed by the blow thanks to complex layers within the club which absorb the impact and prevent the claw from cracking. This innovative design has inspired the development of materials for armor, sports helmets, and shock absorbers for vehicles!

Mantis shrimp use the same technique to defend themselves from predators. However, they only use this energy-intensive method of self-defense if they must. When under threat, they perform a behavioral display known as a meral spread before resorting to violence: standing on their hind legs, puffing up their chest, and spreading their arms to look as large and intimidating as possible. If the predator isn’t put off by this display, the shrimp will attack. But most who know the meral spread would not dare to fight! 

Meaning that before he literally throws a punch that will most literally blow your mind, the shrimp gives you a warning! If you do not heed then it is entirely your fault!

But if you do not know birthday celebrity K. Surendran, better known by his stage name Indrans; then it is not your fault since his acting as a character and comedian is so flawless that he just clicks in place and packs a silent punch!

Now punch the pillows and make them soft and sleep!

Good Night!

Most eggs are oval and a duck’s egg are particularly so! Since the number ‘0’ looks like the duck’s egg, when you get a zero it is called a duck!

Of course no one likes to get out by scoring duck but when that happens, not only is it frustrating, there is a whole list of types of duck! Not the natural kind but the kind which is mentioned in the annals of cricket journals and guide and many may not be aware of this! 

Since I do not follow cricket much, It was a big revelation to me though people who are avid cricket watchers may know this very well!

The most infamous and scary duck of all, is the golden duck! Do not get mislead by the gold! It is sad! This happens when the batter is dismissed off the very first ball that he faces in his innings!

This may very well explain the silver and the bronze duck! The former is when the batter is sent back to the pavilion for zero runs and gets out on the second ball that he faces while the latter is when the batter is dismissed for no runs on the third ball that he faces in his innings!

For all the above please read his or her since these terms are the same for women’s cricket also!

Now of course you may feel that these are bad ducks! But there is an even worse duck! That is called the Diamond duck which is quite possibly the worst of them all!

The Diamond Duck is when a batter is run out, timed out, or has obstructed the field without having faced a ball. Getting out without facing a legal delivery is called a Diamond Duck! So this batsman has not even faced a delivery! Sad!

There is a duck associated with the proper Gentleman’s game and being royal! Yes! The Royal Duck! This is is associated with one of the biggest Test series in the history of the sport—the Ashes. The Royal Duck label is for the opening batters who have dismissed off the very first ball that they face in the marquee series between Australia and England!

If a batsman is dismissed for no runs and this causes the whole innings to end with his wicket then it may not be a laughing matter but it is called a Laughing Duck!

Another tricky situation of ducks, where the batsman is sent back to the pavilion on any kind of duck in both innings of the same match, is referred to as ‘A Pair’ in cricket! That is two ducks!

Imagine now getting the ducks in both the innings of the same match! Then it is called a King Pair! 

Bowlers likes Hattrick while Batsmen are scared of them! This leads us to the final and one of the rarest duck! The Batting Hattrick which is a collection of three dismissals in three balls across any consecutive Test innings is referred to as the Batting Hattrick. 

Now all you need to duck from the duck is simply make at least one run! That may not be a laughing matter in international cricket though! But whatever Jaspal Bhatti used to do used to make us Laugh! Especially with his clean and relevant comedy! One of the greatest comedians of India and I am sure he would have made a very funny commentator! You will be missed Jaspal ji! Thank you for the laughs!

Now duck on the bed and sleep!

Good Night!

Growing up, Michael Jackon’s songs were a big hit and anyone who used to listen to music of any kind would at least know his famous songs like the Beat it or Black or White; the latter more so because of the famous video where we were introduced to the term or the phenomenon of morphing!

Now one of the best lines or quotes which I remember from MJ songs and I often use it in parts! It is an inspiring song and the lyrics which go like this;

‘I’m starting with the man in the mirror

I’m asking him to change his ways

And no message could’ve been any clearer

If they wanna make the world a better place

Take a look at yourself and then make a change’

I often say, ‘At the end of the day, you need to convince only the man (or woman) in the mirror!’

The mirror has been in existence almost as long as humankind though I am sure even animals know their reflection in the still waters; the natural mirror of the world. This as the legend goes may be one of the first mirror which 

was formed in the ancient Himalayas when a little water body stopped to rest itself.  Then the first woman (man may not have had that much patience!) walked and looking down into the pool was surprised by­—another girl!—but that another girl had worn the same attire as she and moved in the ways mimicking her in everyway! Of course she was clever enough to finally realize that it was an reflected (may not be the word she thought!) image of herself!  

Still waters and mythology aside, the mirror as object is called “one of mankind’s most consistent civilizers,” bringing a sense of personal reflection and comparative identity. 

The earliest man (or woman!) made mirrors were from polished stone and mirrors made form black volcanic glass obsidian. Some also used polished copper to produce mirrors, and often the round face of the mirror would be embellished with ornamentation!

History also suggests of production of polished metal mirrors and mirrors made from polished stone were known. 

Some countries began to be mirrors from metal alloys, a mixture of tin and copper called speculum metal that could be highly polished to made a reflective surface as well as mirrors made of polished bronze! Metal alloys or precious metals mirrors were very valuable items in ancient times only affordable to the very wealthy!

Now the development of glass blowing made Glass as the major component of Mirror but because glass is a poor reflector, it must be coated in order to make a mirror. The most appropriate materials for making metallic coatings are silver, gold, and chrome.

In 1835 Justus von Liebig, a German chemist, developed the silvered-glass mirror where a thin layer of metallic silver is put onto glass by the chemical reduction of silver nitrate. The invention of this process enabled to mirrors being manufactured on a much larger scale, and for the first time in history ordinary people could buy a mirror. Present-day mirrors are more frequently produced by depositing aluminum by vacuum directly onto the glass.

Glass sheets are made from silica, which can be mined or refined from sand. When glass is made from natural crystals of silica, it is known as fused quartz. However, if it’s a synthetic glass, then it’s going to be synthetic fused silica. The silica or quartz is melted to an extremely high temperature, where it is then poured or rolled into sheets. 

Silver is boiled down to a liquid, and then applied in a thin, even coating to the glass. The liquid silver could also be sprayed on spending on what tools are available. After the silvering process, the mirrors are covered in a protective coating to avoid chips in the reflection, and then polished. If the mirror polishing process isn’t done correctly, there could be waves in the glass which would cause distortion!

So glass and mirrors are basically liquids! Which is why you can see many old ones literally getting melted and thick at the bottom while the top gets thin! Previous mirrors were a work of art and very expensive which only the rich could afford! If you have a full body size mirror in your house now then you are equivalent to a wealthy aristocrat of ancient times! Maybe even a king! King of acting and emotions is the birthday celebrity Nassar who was the only thing worthy to watch in a series called Killer Soup and of course who could forget his amazing character in Bahubali! My favorite movie of him (due to personal reasons!) though is a cute little Tamil movie called Saivam! 

No normal human can ever resist the temptation of looking at herself or himself in the mirror when he or she passes by one or is faced with one! Time after time, the mirror is the object which not only reflects your image but also your personality! 

Look in the mirror and reflect on your day and tell yourself it will be ok!

Shubh Ratri!